Definition of Histamine
Histamine is an amine released by certain classes of cells in the framework of an immune reaction . The amines , in turn, are substances that are derived from ammonia, formed by replacing at least one hydrogen atom by aliphatic or aromatic radicals. An immune reaction , on the other hand, is a response of the organism to the action of an antigen.
The histamine, in short, is released by some cells while the body develops an immune reaction. The neurons of the nervous system usually take charge of their synthesis and their liberation; Once it is outside the nervous system, histamine acts in various physiological processes.
It can be said that histamine is a molecule produced by biological agents. The human being manufactures it in neurons, but also in mast cells , platelets and other cells. The histamine present in a person's body can also be elaborated by bacteria that are found in the consumed food or in the intestinal flora: the sources of histamine for the organism, in this way, can be internal or external.
There are several functions that histamine fulfills. On the one hand, the body releases histamine in tissues and blood when it detects an "enemy" (a bacteria, a virus, an allergen, etc.).
On the other hand, histamine participates in the production of hydrochloric acid and acts as a neurotransmitter with a key role in adaptation to the environment and in the sleep and wake cycle.
If the amount of histamine in blood is excessive , either by an allergy, food poisoning, disease or other reason, various disorders can arise from the binding of histamine to its receptors: from nasal congestion and migraineto arrhythmia , tachycardia , itching , diarrhea and muscle aches .
To prevent these conditions, a doctor can provide an antihistamine drug that is responsible for preventing histamine-receptor binding.
